Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association

The South Carolina Historical Association was founded in 1931 by persons teaching, writing, and studying history in South Carolina. Since that time, it has held an annual meeting for the presentation of papers on a wide variety of historical fields. Although its geographical base is the state of South Carolina, the organization exists to enhance the teaching and study of all areas of history. Annually, the South Carolina Historical Association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting and submitted to the journal for publication consideration. The papers presented at the annual meeting and submitted to the journal are refereed by professional historians prior to selection for publication. Only those papers that meet high standards of scholarship and writing quality are selected for publication. Some papers are published in their entirety; others are published in abstract.

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  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 2014) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. Upheaval in Charleston: Telling the Story by Susan Millar Williams and Stephen G. Hoffius Henrietta Aiken Kelly and the Post-Civil War Silk Industry by Debra Bloom Essential Workers for Desperate Farmers and Pulpwood Operators: German POW Labor in South Carolina, 1943-1946 by Fritz Hamer The Recent History of Affirmative Action Policies in Higher Education and the U.S. Supreme Court by Marcia G. Synnott Evil Communications Corrupt Good Morals: Thomas Cooper and Francis Lieber’s Proslavery Transformations by Jamie Diane Wilson Teaching American History in Tajikistan by Munavar Zaripova
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 2013) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. The Utah War and the New York Times by Kenneth L. Alford - Brigham Young University Managing the backlash: Senator Ernest F. “Fritz” Hollings and the Marshall and Fortas Supreme Court nominations by David Timothy Ballantyne - Cambridge University Thou Shalt Not Duel: Some Observations regarding the Impotency of Dueling Laws in South Carolina by Matthew A. Byron - Young Harris College An Lucht Siuill Palmetto by Christopher Crowley - University of South Carolina Upstate “A fertile brain at schemeing”: Eliza Lucas Pinckney and her Early Agricultural Experiments by Megan Hatfield - University of Miami Behind The Gates: An Interracial Perspective of Black and White Youth Memories of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 1950s to 1970s by Katherine Jernigan - University of South Carolina Columbia Servant or Slave?: South Carolina’s Inherited Labor Dilemma by John J. Navin - Coastal Carolina University Revitalization in the “West End” of Greenville, 1987 to 2011 by Nicholas Smit - Bob Jones University
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 2012) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. An Interpretation of the Denmark Vesey Insurrection Scare (Keynote Address) by Lacy Ford - University of South Carolina Columbia Sacrificial Saints by Aneilya Barnes - Coastal Carolina University “Democracy in Black and White”: Wil Lou Gray, Black Illiteracy, and Progress in South Carolina, 1930–1938 by Mary Mac Ogden - Asheville-Buncombe Technical College Thomas Sumter and the Battle for State Sovereignty: A Research Note on Founders, Fathers and Federalism by Thomas Lynwood Powers - University of South Carolina Sumter “On the Bridge Near Harpers Ferry at Midnight”: the Journal of the Rev. Josiah P. Smeltzer by Karl Rohr - Newberry College Sowing Seeds of Democracy in post-World War II Germany: Denazifying and Reeducating the Law School Faculty of Munich University by Stefan Wiecki - Presbyterian College
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 2011) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. “You Say Yemassee, I Say Yamasee”: Recasting the Early History of South Carolina (Keynote Address) by William L. Ramsey - Lander University “We Will Strike at the Head and Demolish the Monster”: The Impact of Joel R. Poinsett’s Correspondence on President Andrew Jackson during the Nullification Crisis, 1832–1833 by Joshua Cain - Georgia Southern University “Ever Able, Manly, Just and Heroic”: Preston Smith Brooks and the Myth of Southern Manhood by Ken Deitreich - West Virginia University “Firm and Immovable as Rocks”: Native American Women’s Empowerment in the Jesuit Missions of New France by Ivy Farr McIntyre, Saint Louis University “Were you entitled to an answer. . . . ” General Anthony Wayne and Major William Campbell on the Banks of the Maumee by Sarah E. Miller - University of South Carolina Salkehatchie “Just Plain Hard Work”: Shelby Cox Plemmons’ Life on a South Carolina Tobacco Farm by Matthew Roberts - Converse College Undertakers of the Weimar Republic? The Nazification of Munich Professors, 1918–1933 by Stefan W. Wiecki - Presbyterian College
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 2010) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. The Age of Lincoln: Then and Now by Orville Vernon Burton - Coastal Carolina University Painting What Cannot Be Painted: Pieter Brueghel’s Silent Opinion by David Basinger - Bob Jones University To “Vomit his Fury and Malice”: English Fears and Spanish Influences in the Exploration and Establishment of Carolina through 1670 by Timothy P. Grady - University of South Carolina Upstate Origins and Development of College Football in South Carolina, 1889-1930 by Fritz Hamer - South Carolina State Museum Beaufort and Louvain: Public Reaction to Library Destruction during the American Civil War and the World Wars by Roger K. Hux - Francis Marion University “A Little Learning is a Dangerous Thing”: Attitudes Toward Popular Literacy in Sixteenth-Century England by Carol A. Loar - University of South Carolina Upstate Confessionalization and the Creedal Tradition by Lincoln Mullen - Brandeis University “We Are Marching to Zion”: Zion Church and the Distinctive Work of Presbyterian Slave Missionaries in Charleston, South Carolina, 1849–1874 by Otis Westbrook Pickett - University of Mississippi “Educational Opportunities for African Americans in the South Carolina Civilian Conservation Corps, 1933-1942” by Robert Waller - Clemson University, Emeritus
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 2009) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. Robert McNair and Lyndon Johnson: The Heritage of the New Deal by Philip G. Grose - Institute of Southern Studies, University of South Carolina Columbia Martha Rutledge Kinloch Singleton: A Slaveholding Widow in Late Antebellum South Carolina by Lindsay Crawford - University of South Carolina Columbia Free Speech in South Carolina: The 1965 Speaker Ban Controversy by Areli A. Keeney - University of South Carolina Columbia “Grant Us a Contract”: Spartanburg as Prelude to the Carolina Regional Transit Strike (1919) by Jeffrey M. Leatherwood - West Virginia University The Evolution of Nineteenth-Century Women’s Benevolence Work in South Carolina, Charleston: A Case Study by Vanessa McNamara - College of Charleston Indian Leadership and Consensus Opinion in the Old Northwest Territory 1783–1795 by Sarah E. Miller - University of South Carolina Salkehatchie Changing Times: Occupational Change and Temporal Perception among Old Order Amish by Julie Anna Phillips - Bob Jones University George Croft Williams and Early Social Work in South Carolina by Elaine Townsend - University of South Carolina Columbia
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 2008) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. The African American Museum Movement: New Strategies in the Battle for Equality in the Twentieth Century by Mary Jo Fairchild - College of Charleston “May We Pray that We be Given Strength and Faith to Stand Together”: Conflict, Change, and the Charleston, South Carolina YWCA, 1940s–1960s by Cherisse Jones-Branch - Arkansas State University Evangelist Billy Sunday and the Evolution Controversy by Paul Matzko - Bob Jones University Billy Sunday’s 1923 Evangelistic Campaign in Columbia, South Carolina by Jonathan Newell - Bob Jones University Religious Responsibility and Political Culpability in the Parliament of 1628 by Philip Whalen - Coastal Carolina University
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 2007) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. A Beleaguered but Proud Man: Alexander Salley and the Beginnings of the South Carolina Department of Archives and History by Charles H. Lesser - South Carolina Department of Archives and History The Friendship Nine and National Organizations: A Case Study in Mutual Aid by Mark Thomas Evans - Winthrop University Reinterpreting South Carolina History: The South Carolina: The Negro Writers’ Project, 1936–1937 by Jody H. Graichen - German Village Society, Columbus, Ohio Wade Hampton: Conflicted Leader of the Conservative Democracy? By Fritz Hamer - South Carolina State Museum Free-Soilers and Forty-Eighters: The Anglo- and German-American Campaign for a Free Western Texas, 1854–1856 by Mischa Honeck - University of Heidelberg A Small State in a Big War: Writing the History of Latvia in World War II, the Principal Issues by Valdis O. Lumans - University of South Carolina, Aiken “Crusading Sentimentality”: British Intellectuals and the Clash Over National Self-Determination in Central and Eastern Europe, 1914–1918 by Rob McCormick - University of South Carolina Upstate Traveling Women: Three Mid-Nineteenth-Century South Carolina Female Travelers Abroad by Ann Russell - Independent Scholar “Toppling”—or Revising?—Statues and Monuments: The South Carolina State House and Grounds as a Case Study by Marcia G. Synnott - University of South Carolina
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 2006) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. Shared Traditions: South Carolina as a Folk Culture by Charles Joyner What We Thought We Knew About Nineteenth-Century Black Carolinians and What We Know Now by Bernard E. Powers Jr. From Cotton Fields to Classrooms: South Carolina Women Tell the Story of a Changing Countryside by Melissa Walker
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 2005) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. Into the Maw of Dixie: The Freedom Rides, the Civil Rights Movement, and the Politics of Race in South Carolina by Derek Charles Catsam - University of Texas of the Permian Basin The Merci Train for South Carolina: When France and the Palmetto State were Friends, 1947-1949 by Fritz Hamer - South Carolina State Museum Built By the Border: South of the Border and Border Business 1950-1965 by Laura Koser - University of South Carolina Conflict and the Courts: Common Law, Star Chamber, Coroners’ Inquests, and the King’s Almoner in Early Modern England by Carol Loar - University of South Carolina Upstate The Cross and the Elephant: Southern White Evangelicals’ Commitment to the Republican Party, 1960-1994 by Daniel K. Williams - Brown University The Revolution Outside Her Window: New Light Shed on the March 1917 Russian Revolution from the Papers of VAD Nurse Dorothy N. Seymour by Joyce Wood - Anderson College
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 2004) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. Maurice Morgann (c.1725/26-1802) - A British Undersecretary of State Revisited by Rory T. Cornish Mitchell King Builds His Dream House: a Chapter in the Life of Mitchell King by Alexia Jones Helsley Philo-Semitism and Anti-Catholicism in Restoration England: The Conversion of the Jews in Protestant Polemic, 1660-1688 by John C. Lassiter The Bombardment of Charleston (1863-65): Union General Quincy Gillmore, the Targeting of Civilians, and the Ethics of Modern War by Christopher A. Mekow Tunnel Hill: An Irish Mining Community in the Western Carolinas by Jim Haughey The Blinding of Isaac Woodard by Andrew Myers Singing to Kingdom Come: Hymnbooks of the Southern Methodist Nation, 1844-1860 by Susan A. Welsch
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 2003) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. Suppressing the Great Awakening: Alexander Garden’s Use of Anti-Popery Against George Whitefield John P. Barrington “Christ is Out, Communism is On” Opposition to the Congress of Industrial Organization’s “Operation Dixie” in South Carolina, 1946-1951 by Jonathan Gentry From Cracked to Perfect Bottles Laurens Glass Works: 1910-1986 by Fritz Hamer Righteous Lives: A Comparative Study of the South Carolina Scalawag Leadership During Reconstruction by Lewie Reece South Carolina Engineers in the 42nd (Rainbow) Division in World War I by David L. Snead Surviving the Company of Men—in the Company of Women: Lessons from the Corps of Cadet at Virginia Tech, The Citadel, and the Virginia Military Institute by Marcia G. Synnott
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 2002) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. Luncheon Address: Building Bridges for the Next Millennia: Partnerships in the History World by Sam Thomas - York County Culture and Heritage Commission In the Deep Mid-Winter: Fuel Prices in Seventeenth-Century London by Linda Hayner - Bob Jones University Voting for God: The Politics of South Carolina Camp Meetings by Dale Walden Johnson - Erskine Theological Seminary George Galphin: Portrait of an Early South Carolina Entrepreneur by Michael Morris - University of South Carolina—Aiken The Dawn of Modern, Electronic Television by Nathaniel Pendleton - The Children’s Museum of Indianapolis The Value of Chinese Immigrants During the Building of the First American Transcontinental Railroad, 1852–1869 by Grady Powell - Furman University The Memory Palace of Lorenzo Johnson: Pedagogy and the Art of Memory in the Nineteenth Century by Kevin Brooks Sheets - State University of New York—College at Cortland The Emperor’s New Clothes: President Gustav Diaz Ordaz, the 1968 Student Movement, and the Crisis of Mexico’s Institutionalized Revolution by Julia Sloan - University of South Carolina—Salkehatchie Dalton and the Rebirth of the Army of Tennessee by Louis P. Towles - Southern Wesleyan University History and the Persistence of Memory: A Study of the World War I Memoirs of Vera Brittain and Ruth Wittaker by Joyce A. Wood - Anderson College
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 2001) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. John C. Calhoun and the Crisis in Indian Affairs by Michael D. Green – University of North Carolina Henry Campbell and Susan Petigru King by Alexia Jones Helsley – South Carolina Department of Archives and History From Democrat to Whigs: The Senatorial Career of William Campbell Preston, 1833-1842 by M. Ron Cox, Jr. – University of South Carolina (Salkehatchie) Dissatisfaction and Desertion in Greenville District, South Carolina: 1860-1865 by Aaron W. Mars, Graduate School – University of South Carolina “No Tears of Penitence”: Religion, Gender and the Aesthetic of the Lost Cause in the 1876 Hampton Campaign by W. Scott Poole – University of South Carolina (Aiken) “Yours for Home and Country” The War Work of the South Carolina Woman’s Committee by Elizabeth Cassidy West – University of South Carolina Archives Showplace: The Early Preservation and Interpretation of Rose Hill Plantation, 1943-1960 by Kevin Allen, Graduate Student – University of South Carolina The Start of Television in South Carolina by Nat Pendleton – South Carolina State Museum Foundlings of St. Olave Jewry, 1620-60 by Linda Hayner – Bob Jones University A New Beginning: The Early Years of French Reconstruction and Town Planning as Depicted by the Press by W. Brian Newsome, Graduate Student – University of South Carolina
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 2000) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. Anita Pollitzer: South Carolina Advocate for Equal Rights by Amy Thompson McCandless – College of Charleston The South Carolina Highway Patrol: the First Half Century, 1930-1980 by William J. Mathias and Michael G. Smith – Orangeburg-Calhoun Technical College “Grass Roots and Marble Columns: Civil Rights, Public Accommodations and South Carolina Federal Courts, 1955-1966” by Stephen Lowe – Lander University The Search for National Identity: The U.S. in the Modern World an Interdisciplinary Approach by M. Ron Cox, Jr. and Wayne L. Chilcote – University of South Carolina (Salkehatchie) Creating a ‘Nazi Style’: The German Fashion Institute and State Efforts to Influence Fashion in the 1930s by Kenneth McDonald – University of South Carolina (Aiken)
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 1999) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. Benjamin Porter and James Dellet: Two South Carolina Lawyers and Politicians on the Alabama Frontier, 1819-1834 by Justin C. Eaddy, Graduate Student – University of South Carolina Ben Bates and the Dictates of White Supremacy: the Unpardonable Crime? By Janet G. Hudson, Independent Scholar A Battle for Their Rights: Race and Reaction in South Carolina, 1940-1945 by R. Phillip Stone, II, Graduate Student – University of South Carolina “With Common Courtesy and Effort from Everyone”: Southern Identity and School Desegregation in Spartanburg, 1964-1970 by Henry H. Lesesne, Graduate Student – University of South Carolina From Guns to Gravy? The Adaptive Uses of Former Military Fortifications Sullivan’s Island, South Carolina — A Case Study by John M. Sherrer, III, Graduate Student – University of South Carolina Aëtius, the Bishops, and the Barbarians by Tracy Keefer, Graduate Student – University of South Carolina “A Prince Necessary Rather than Good”: Aurelian and the Problem of Dacia by Christopher Laurie Newton, Graduate Student – University of South Carolina The United States’ War against Drugs, Its Early Evolution by Ron Chepesiuk – Winthrop University “That We May Do Israel’s Work”: Racial Election in British Imperial Thought by Eric M. Reisenauer – University of South Carolina (Sumter) The Orangeburg Tragedy — From a Thirty Year Perspective edited by Robert J. Moore – Columbia College
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 1998) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. Barbarians as a Destabilizing Factor in the Late Roman Empire: The Case of Magnus Maximus by Walter Roberts, Graduate Student – University of South Carolina (Columbia) Anianus of Orléans and the Barbarians at the Gates by Tracy Keefer, Graduate Student – University of South Carolina (Columbia) Physicians, Sorcerers, and Saints in Merovingian Gaul by Allen Jones, Graduate Student – University of South Carolina (Columbia) The Planters of St. John’s Parish (Colleton): 1675-1790 by Laylon Wayne Jordan – University of Charleston “Loyal Women of Palmetto”: Black Women’s Clubs in Charleston, South Carolina by Cherisse R. Jones, Graduate School – Ohio State University South Carolina’s Board of Indian Commissioners and the Struggle to Control the Public Indian Trade by Michael Morris – University of South Carolina (Aiken) “Radical Journalists, Generalist Intellectuals and Good Neighbors: Alternative Intellectuals and United States-Latin American Relations” by Virginia S. Williams – Winthrop University Why Didn’t We See It Coming? Predicting the Soviet Future: An Exercise in Futility by Valdis Lumans – University of South Carolina (Aiken) From the Gay 90’s to the Roaring 20’s: The Role of Clothing in the Lives of South Carolina Women, 1890-1925 by Molley E. Hennen – University of South Carolina (Columbia) Landscapes of Reform: The Material Culture of the New Deal in Manchester, South Carolina, 1934-1945 by Albert C. Hester – University of South Carolina (Aiken) The Charleston Orphan House: The First One Hundred Years by Susan L. King – Archives of the Diocese of Charleston Francis Lieber at South Carolina College, 1835-1856 A Clash of Values by Gerald R. Roys – Benedict College The History of the Film Industry in South Carolina: The Early Years: 1902-1926 by Whitney Miller – Michigan State University Archives & Historical Collections “Gone Out South”: A Nineteenth-Century Social and Economic Interchange between the Citizens of Maine and South Carolina Port Towns by Constance Fournier Charleston’s French Revolutionary Consul: Michel-Ange—Bernard de Mangourit, 1792-1794 by Robert Alderson – University of South Carolina (Columbia)
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 1997) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. A Study of the Role of Serfdom and Absolutism in the Causes of Eastern European Backwardness by Joyce Ann Wood – Anderson College Slaves or Labourers: Revisiting the 1852 Debate between Sir Arthur Helps and A Carolinian (Edward J. Pringle) by Stephen Keck – College of Charleston Pale Devils and Dark Angels: Gender, Cultural Instruction and Native American Women of the Colonial Southeast by Michael Morris – University of South Carolina (Aiken) Demonstrating Historical Versatility: David Duncan Wallace and the Graniteville Centennial Pageant by W. Calvin Smith – University of South Carolina (Aiken) Putting the Lowcountry on the World Wide Web by Donald Beagle – Charleston County Library For the Love of Books: Richard T. Greener’s Brief Career as the University of South Carolina’s First African-American University Librarian by Dale Harter – University of South Carolina (Columbia) Giving a Sense of Achievement: “Changing Gender and Racial Roles in Wartime Charleston: 1942-1945 by Fritz Hamer – South Carolina State Museum “Sisters of the South”: Louisa and Mary Poppenheim and the Formation of the Southern White Charleston by Joan Marie Johnson, Ph.D. candidate – University of California (Los Angeles) White Christmas in April: New Reflections on an Old War by J. Edward Lee and H. C. Haynsworth – Winthrop University The Boom and Bust of American Silk Culture by Allan D. Charles – University of South Carolina (Union)
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 1996) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. Long-Term Origins of the Social Security Act of 1935 by Tammy S. Sugarman The Social Security Act: Who Supported and Why by Julia Sloan What to do with the Submerged Tenth?: The Social Question of Poverty in Late 19th Century England by Veronica Bruce “A Family Affair: Race, Gender, and the Familial Metaphor in the Dixecrat Movement, 1948-1950” by Kat Frederickson The Israelites of Columbia, South Carolina: The Development of an Antebellum Jewish Community by Belinda F. Gergel The Circle Large and Small: Courtship, Marriage and Childrearing on a Lowcountry Plantation by Judith Lee Hunt The Polish Home Army: Partisans or Organized Army by James Dixon The Times on the Far Eastern Crisis of 1937 What Does the Times Say by Jill S. Quattlebaum
  • Publication
    The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association
    (South Carolina State Library, 1995) South Carolina Historical Association
    Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. The Southern Historian in the Modern World by Charles Joyner ‘A Courageous Little Band’ of Campaigners: Women for Hughes in 1916 by Molly M. Wood Beyond “The Politics of Color”: Opposition to South Carolina’s 1952 Constitutional Amendment to Abolish the Public School System by David G. Blick Mendel Rivers and the Expansion of the Charleston Naval Station by William Huntley A Collision of Cultures: Aiken, South Carolina, Meets the Nuclear Age by James O. Farmer, Jr. “Saying What You Mean, and Meaning What You Say: Or Does the Term ‘Celtic Britain’ Really Tell You Anything” by William S. Brockington, Jr. The Debate over the Twelfth-Century Renaissance by Kathleen S. Turner The Wonderful Iodine State by Katherine D. Cann Through the Safety Net: A South Carolina Community Action Program Copes with the First Year of the Reagan Revolution by Joseph Edward Lee Franz Six and the Einsatzgruppen: Insubordination and the Myth of Superior Others by R. Wesley White Colonel William Harden: The Unsung Partisan Commander by Dik A. Daso Teaching Using Archival Documents in a Middle School Setting by Lynn McCuiston Burnett, and Jane L. Eason Student Performance: What Happens When Technology Enters the Classroom by Jamie W. Moore